Construction of general theory of Gibbs random fields

We present a new point of view on the mathematical foundations of statistical physics that is based on the notion of transition energy. This notion allowed us to establish the duality between two fundamental objects: probability and energy. We provide a probabilistically explicit definition of Gibbs random field and elements of the general theory of Gibbs random fields. This was done due to the well-known problems which have been solved: Dobrushin's problem on the description of a random field by its one-point conditional distributions, Ruelle's problem on the Gibbsian form of specifications and the problem of characterization of joint distribution by its conditional mentioned by S. Geman and D. Geman.